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Firn

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Following up on my previous post about deconstructing PIDs from Forscan and CarScanner, I’ve been using a long-term monitoring setup to see how my Lightning Pro ER actually behaves under the hood.

The Setup:

  • Hardware: An old phone permanently mounted in the cubby.
  • Software: Torque Pro (logging) + Tasker + Auto-upload to Google Drive.
  • Backend: Raw logs cleaned and ingested into DuckDB using Python scripts.
  • The "Brain": Full disclosure—I used Google Gemini to write the Python scripts and build the dashboards. It’s been virtually hands-off once the automation was set up.
Here are the findings from the data so far:

1. Performance vs. State of Charge (SOC)
A common question is whether the truck limits current as the SOC drops.

Current: Looking at the data, the answer appears to be no. Maximum current remains remarkably consistent even as SOC decreases.

Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769915282367-gq


Power: While current stays steady, total power does drop slightly as SOC falls. This is the expected result of voltage sag as the battery depletes.

Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769915448700-4


2. Acceleration & Speed
We know acceleration feel tapers off at higher speeds, and the data confirms why:

Wind Resistance: Obviously, the "brick" shape of the truck plays a role.
Current Limiting: The data shows the truck actively tapers current once you cross approximately 60 mph. You can see the clear "roll-off" in the current chart at the top end of the speed range.
Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769915589993-5q


Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769915697290-uc




3. Battery Capacity & Temperature Effects
Does temperature affect stored energy? Yes, but the way Ford displays it is the real story.

Energy per 1% SOC: My analysis shows there is more energy per 1% of battery at higher SOCs than at lower ones (the scale isn't perfectly linear).
Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769916399821-wt


The "Cold" Manipulation: When looking at energy by SOC colored by temperature, you can see how cold weather affects the pack. More specifically, it shows how Ford's BMS manipulates the displayed SOC to show a "higher" percentage for a given amount of raw energy when temps drop.

Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769916537460-dz


4. Aerodynamics & Efficiency
I attempted to correlate average power by speed and temperature. While the speed/temp data is interesting, trying to isolate the effects of wind speed and direction on efficiency has been difficult—the data is still a bit too noisy to draw a "smoking gun" conclusion there.

Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769916141473-p9


Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769915986048-e2


Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769916073695-d2


Sadly attempts to determine the effects of wind speed and direction on efficiency are not as clear.

5. Tire Pressure (TPMS)
I tried to quantify the efficiency gains of higher tire pressure.

The Verdict: My data (and separate controlled tests) suggests that tire pressure has a negligible effect on overall efficiency in this platform.

Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1769916945077-wt


6. The "Secret" Drive Map
One of the coolest features of the DuckDB setup is the ability to generate a GPS heat map of every drive. I can color the map by any metric—kiloWatts used, motor temp, or speed. (I’m keeping the map private for obvious reasons, but the visualization is a game-changer for spotting efficiency "black holes" on my daily routes!)



I want to be clear—I didn’t manually write the code for this. I used Google Gemini as my lead engineer to build the entire backend. If you’ve been sitting on piles of CSV logs but don't know Python or SQL, this is the way to do it.

What the AI handled:
  • Python Automation: Gemini wrote the scripts that monitor my Google Drive, grab the raw Torque CSVs, and handle the "cleaning" (fixing timestamps, removing nulls, and filtering out GPS glitches).
  • The Database (DuckDB): It devised the logic to ingest that data into DuckDB, creating a high-performance local database that makes querying months of driving data nearly instant.
  • The Dashboard Logic: It wrote the Streamlit and Python code to generate the actual charts and performance visuals, including the logic to calculate "Energy per 1% SOC."
  • The Workflow: It even helped me set up the .bat files and Tasker triggers so the whole pipeline runs with a single click (or no clicks at all).
The barrier to entry for this kind of "Big Data" analysis on our trucks is gone. I just described what I wanted the data to show, and the AI provided the syntax to make it happen.
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mr.Magoo

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2. Acceleration & Speed
We know acceleration feel tapers off at higher speeds, and the data confirms why:
I think it would be helpful for the rest of us who is doing some data collection to see what values you're looking at.

Plus It would probably be more relevant to look at commanded torque (instead of amps) vs. speed vs. throttle position unless you drive your truck strictly digital (ie, all or nothing).
 

hb.sagen

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Awesome!
 

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Wattsgas

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I find the percent of charge vs the stored energy interesting. It doesn't look like you ever have the 1.31 kw per percent. Also looks like percent vs kw gets less the lower the percentage of charge. It may explain the optimism of displayed range when at 100% and the more pessimistic range at 40% that many people have experienced. I am a little surprised that a 100% battery pack at 70 degrees wouldn't have 131kw of energy.
 

mr.Magoo

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Agreed

Although I do rarely charge to 100% and even more rarely log while charging. I do know I have seen 131kwh displayed at 100% charge so it's just not in this data.

Which is worth pointing out. This data is only since August, so its mostly cold weather data

I suspect it might be an averaging issue too ?

Since you don't mention which parameters you're looking at, I have to make some assumptions, and that is that you're looking at BATT_CHAR_SOC (actual) and BAT_TO_EMPTY_ESTIM (ated), if not let me know what you're looking at and I can compare.

The chart below is from a drive to Chicao last years, charged overnight to 100% (displayed),
drove, fast charged, and continued to drive...

If I simply take the (keyword: estimated) estimated capacity and divide it by SOC, it'll reflect the full pack size of 142kW repeatedly though the years.

Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1770385571954-yc
 

mr.Magoo

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One of the dangers of using tools like Gemini to do this work is that it isn't as apparent exactly what is going on in the back end. It's possible it's using SOC and not SOC displayed but I don't believe it is.
So, you're not telling it to use specific parameters?
 

mr.Magoo

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Thank you for clarifying.

It probably is displayed in that case.
Here's the same graph as before, but I added in a displayed conversion (white line) for comparison.
As you can see, it remains retty flat, from 123kWh @ 22% SoC (est) to 127kWh @ 92% SoC / 99% Displayed.

So, in other words, if you're using SoC displayed, you'll never see 1.31kWh/1% SoC unless you charge to 100%, otherwise you'll stay around 1.2-1.27, which is also what your graph shows.


Ford F-150 Lightning Deep-Dive: Lightning Pro ER Performance & Efficiency via Custom PID Logging 1770468084110-9q
 

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Cvh8601

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The solid colored lines are the trend lines for the acceleration rates.

I'll see if anyone else gets it, but I spent some time on this trying to figure out what is happening.

1770341519439-cx.webp
Super interesting plot. My read is that it’s telling us that the machine is most efficient when running at maximum power. That very much aligns with expectations, and other types of machines. ICE engines are most thermally efficient at wide open throttle at their design RPM for example, etc.

Now there is data to support telling the wife we have to punch it off the line at red lights because we’re maximizing efficiency!
 

bc1

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You might try some of your calculations using Perplexity which is supposed to be more of a scientific oriented AI app. At least a few months ago it was top rated for those kind of questions.
 

mr.Magoo

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Yes, although its also a bit misleading.

By plotting Kinetic Power gained vs Electric Power consumed
Which weight of the vehicle are you using for Kinetic energy and when you're looking power consumed are you just looking at battery current & voltage, or are you converting torque from the motors back to kW?
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