There have been other reports of the USB ports turning off seemingly randomly.
There may be some power saving program the truck uses that causes it. Not in my owners manual but...
Some owners like you find that the USB power returns after turning the truck off then on - which seems to suggest there is a timer or a software glitch that turns the USB power off.
Of course check the cable being used as well as others suggested - try it in another USB outlet in your home, wiggle it around, etc. and see if you can make it cut off power.
Maybe use some compressed air to gently blow out the USB port in case some debris has gotten lodged in there causing a bad connection, unlikely from what you described.
If you still suspect the USB port, get some electrical contact cleaner and try that on the port.
I had the seat occupancy detector connection in my 2001 Ford Ranger need cleaning so that it wouldn't keep telling me the invisible man was in the front passenger seat with no seat belt on! I got some WD-40 contact cleaner, unplugged the connection (way the-f under the seat hard to reach) sprayed it in and reconnected it, and no more issues. Contacts can get oxidation especially if in a damp environment (but can happen over time like in my old Ranger) which interferes with the efficient transfer of electricity.
I have had the ports stop working after an update. I'm not sure if it also took out the wireless pad too. I restarted the Sync system and the ports came back live. Press/hold the Volume Down and the Skip Right buttons on the wheel for 10-12 seconds until the screen restarts.
BTW, I've had to clean my iPhone charge port a number of times since it collects dust and lint from being in my pocket. I use compressed air gently on the port about every two months when charging gets flakey on it.